http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Article/list/35660 ChromatographyOnline, the website of LC/GC North America, provides applications-based technical information and practical troubleshooting advice to chromatographers and analytical chemists. 2013-05-18T15:49:25Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Articles/Measuring-Gas-Flow-for-Gas-Chromatography/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/807696?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Comparison of gas flow measurement methods for GC laboratories 2013-03-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/102013/807696/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/102013/807696/GCConn_F_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/102013/807696/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Gases-QampA-Part-II/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/803294?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 More questions about gases and their delivery to a GC instrument 2013-01-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/042013/803294/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/042013/803294/GCConn_F_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/042013/803294/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Articles/Gases-Q-amp-A/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/797363?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 A number of frequently asked questions about gases and their delivery to a gas chromatography instrument are addressed. 2012-11-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/472012/797363/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/472012/797363/GCConn_F_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/472012/797363/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Articles/Solid-Phase-Microextraction-SPME/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/793121?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 SPME decouples sampling from matrix effects that would distort the apparent sample composition or disturb the chromatographic separation. It is also easy to use and reduces solvent consumption. 2012-10-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/422012/793121/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/422012/793121/GCConn_F_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/422012/793121/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Articles/A-GC-Troubleshooters-Toolkit/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/782174?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Many tools gas chromatographers keep on hand are specialized, but others can be found in the toolkits of plumbers and carpenters. 2012-07-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/292012/782174/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/292012/782174/GCConn_F_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/292012/782174/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Articles/New-Gas-Chromatography-Products-at-Pittcon-2012/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/773770?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 A review of gas chromatography instruments and accessories presented at Pittcon 2012 2012-05-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/202012/773770/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/202012/773770/GCConn_F_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/202012/773770/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/GC+Articles/How-to-Restore-an-Idle-GC-Column-to-Operating-Cond/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/765768?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Here is what to do to bring an idle capillary GC inlet column and detector back to operating condition – including column installation, electronic pneumatic control calibration, system bakeout and basic test mix performance. 2012-03-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/122012/765768/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/122012/765768/GCConn_F_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/122012/765768null XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Headspace-Sampling-Part-II-Instrumentation/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/755109?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 The second part of the series covering the fundamentals of instrumentation for headspace sampling discusses vial thermostating, pressurization and transfer to the gas chromatograph's inlet. 2012-01-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/012012/755109/GCCthumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/012012/755109/GCCflash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Headspace-Sampling/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/745377?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 A clear understanding of the chemical system of the sample in headspace — and how temperature and peak volume affect peak areas, sensitivities, and repeatability — will improve headspace analysis. 2011-10-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/432011/745377/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/432011/745377/GCConn_F_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/432011/745377/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Valves-for-Gas-Chromatography-Part-II-Applications/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/731436?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Discussion about the use of gas switching valves for column backflush and two-dimensional series-bypass applications 2011-07-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/292011/731436/GCCthumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/292011/731436/GCCflash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/New-Gas-Chromatography-Products-at-Pittcon-2011/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/725250?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 This was a strong year for GC systems. Here's what is new. 2011-05-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/232011/725250/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/232011/725250/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Valves-for-Gas-Chromatography-Fundamentals/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/714666?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 The first installment in this series on valves presents basic concepts, applications, and implementations. 2011-03-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/142011/714666/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/142011/714666/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Hydrogen-Carrier-Gas-and-Vacuum-Compensation/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/706359?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 John Hinshaw investigates the influence that choosing hydrogen carrier has on column selection and operation with direct-interface GC?MS. 2011-01-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/062011/706359/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/062011/706359/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/When-Peaks-Collide-Part-III/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/697432?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 John Hinshaw concludes his series on the effects of peak tailing. 2010-11-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/482010/697432/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/482010/697432/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/When-Peaks-Collide-Part-II/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/691675?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In Part II of this series, John Hinshaw covers the effect on tailing peak measurements when the peaks start to merge, following on from Part I, which discussed nontailing peaks. 2010-10-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/432010/691675/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/432010/691675/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/When-Peaks-Collide/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/680294?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 This month's "GC Connections" addresses the effects of two overlapping tailing peaks on peak resolution and quantitation. 2010-07-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/302010/680294/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/302010/680294/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/New-Gas-Chromatography-Products-at-Pittcon-2010/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/669948?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 John Hinshaw presents his annual review of all that was new in the field of gas chromatography at Pittcon 2010. 2010-05-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/202010/669948/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/202010/669948/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Spring-Cleaning/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/660932?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In this month's "GC Connections," John Hinshaw addresses GC components that can become contaminated, including symptoms, causes, and cleaning procedures. 2010-03-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/112010/660932/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/112010/660932/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Upgrading-Gas-Chromatography/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/653130?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 This month in "GC Connections," John Hinshaw discusses issues that can arise when deciding to upgrade or replace gas chromatography technologies. 2010-03-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/042010/653130/GCCthumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/042010/653130/GCCflash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Articles/Upgrading-Gas-Chromatography/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/652114?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 This month's "GC Connections" explores the issues that can arise when deciding to upgrade or replace GC technologies. 2010-01-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/032010/652114/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/032010/652114/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Extreme-Leaks/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/642206?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In this month's "GC Connections," John Hinshaw investigates how much air enters a gas stream in the face of extreme leaks in an attempt to gauge the potential effects of carrier gas leaks on GC system performance. 2009-11-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/472009/642206/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/472009/642206/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Extreme-Leaks/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/645716?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In this month's "GC Connections," John Hinshaw investigates how much air enters a gas stream in the face of extreme leaks in an attempt to gauge the potential effects of carrier gas leaks on GC system performance. 2009-11-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/492009/645716null XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Get-Involved/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/626002?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 John Hinshaw takes a break from the technical and visits a number of chromatography forums and discussion groups. 2009-09-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/372009/626002/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/372009/626002/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Pinning-Down-Tailing-Peaks-Part-II-Quantitative-Me/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/613587?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 John Hinshaw discusses the effects that peak tailing has on quantitative measurement of peak height and area. 2009-07-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/302009/613587/GCConn_T_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/302009/613587/GCConn_F_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Pittcon-2009-GC-Systems-and-Accessories-Review/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/599228?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 John Hinshaw presents his review of all that was new and innovative at Pittcon 2009 in the field of gas chromatography. 2009-05-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/212009/599228/GC-Connections---thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/212009/599228/GC-Connections---main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/212009/599228/GC-Connections---flash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Optimizing-Detector-Set-up-and-Operating-Condition/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/585582?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Detectors are another link in the chain of signals that a chromatographic analysis generates. After separation, a detector transduces the chemical signals of eluted analytes to an electrical signal that is then recorded and measured. The identities and amounts of analytes are determined from this information. This month in "GC Connections", John Hinshaw examines the environment, set-up and operating conditions necessary to ensure high gas chromatography detector performance and reliability. 2009-03-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgceurope/102009/585582null XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Pinning-Down-Tailing-Peaks/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/588091?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 The causes and cures for peak tailing are discussed, along with the various ways that chromatographers measure tailing peaks. 2009-03-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/122009/588091/GC-Connections---thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/122009/588091/GC-Connections---main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/122009/588091/GC-Connections---flash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Frequently-Asked-Questions-about-Hydrogen-Carrier-/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/575278?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Chromatographers are choosing hydrogen carrier gas more often for its performance and, in the face of increasing helium prices, cost. In this instalment of "GC Connections", John Hinshaw addresses some of the more frequently asked questions he encounters regarding hydrogen as a carrier gas. 2009-01-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgceurope/032009/575278null XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Optimizing-Detector-Setup-and-Operating-Conditions/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/579015?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 This month, John Hinshaw examines the environment, setup, and operating conditions necessary to ensure high gas chromatography detector performance and reliability. 2009-01-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/062009/579015/GC-Connections---thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/062009/579015/GC-Connections---main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/062009/579015/GC-Connections---flash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Frequently-Asked-Questions-about-Hydrogen-Carrier-/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/564647?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In this installment of "GC Connections," John Hinshaw addresses some of the more frequently asked questions he encounters about hydrogen as carrier gas. 2008-11-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/452008/564647/GC-Connections---thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/452008/564647/GC-Connections---main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/452008/564647/GC-Connections---flash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/A-Shock-to-the-System-Part-II/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/551020?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 John Hinshaw concludes his two-part series on electrical issues in the laboratory. 2008-09-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/382008/551020/GC-Connections---thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/382008/551020/GC-Connections---main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/382008/551020/GC-Connections---flash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/A-Shock-to-the-System/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/529359?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 This month in "GC Connections," in the first of a two-part series, John Hinshaw relates what happens when high-voltage spikes attack modern electronic equipment, what to do when they occur, and more. 2008-07-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/292008/529359/GC-Connections---thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/292008/529359/GC-Connections---main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/292008/529359/GC-Connections---flash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/New-Gas-Chromatography-Products-at-Pittcon-2008/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/517179?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 This annual "GC Connections" installment reviews GC instrumentation and accessories shown at this year's Pittcon and also includes some products from Analytica in Munich. 2008-05-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/202008/517179/GC-Connections---thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/202008/517179/GC-Connections---main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/202008/517179/GC-Connections---flash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Using-Computerized-Pneumatics---Part-2/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/504708?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Computerized pneumatic control adds a very capable multipurpose tool to the chromatographer's tool belt. 2008-04-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgceurope/132008/504708null XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Dos-and-Donts/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/512600?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 This month, "GC Connections" presents a few of the best and worse laboratory habits. 2008-04-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/182008/512600/GC-Connections---thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/182008/512600/GC-Connections---main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/182008/512600/GC-Connections---flash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Using-Computerized-Pneumatics/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/493125?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In this month's "GC Connections" instalment, John Hinshaw discusses computerized pneumatics for gas chromatography. This is the first of a two-part series that reviews computerized pneumatics and some important considerations that arise in the course of normal use. 2008-01-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgceurope/082008/493125null XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Using-Computerized-PneumaticsmdashPart-II/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/487475?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 The second part of the series takes a look at what happens to the pneumatic operating conditions and chromatography with GC oven temperature programming of a wide-bore column. 2008-01-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/052008/487475/GC-Connections---thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/052008/487475/GC-Connections---main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/052008/487475/GC-Connections---flash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Using-Computerized-Pneumatics/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/477361?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In this month's "GC Connections" installment, John Hinshaw discusses computerized pneumatics for gas chromatography. This is the first of a two-part series that reviews computerized pneumatics and some important considerations that arise in the course of normal use. 2007-11-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/492007/477361/john_hinshaw_390x190_flash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/A-Split-Decision/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/454548?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 This month's installment of "GC Connections" discusses factors that can help determine which type of liquid injection technique is appropriate for specific samples, including having to use existing inlet systems that are on-hand in the laboratory with samples for which they might not be ideally suited. 2007-09-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/362007/454548/john_hinshaw_390x190_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/GC/New-Gas-Chromatograpy-Products-at-Pittcon-2007/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/429507?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 The 58th Pittsburgh Conference on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy was held February 25 to March 1, 2007, at McCormick Place in Chicago, Illinois. 2007-05-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/212007/429507/GCconnections_thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/212007/429507/GCconnections_main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/212007/429507/John-Hinshaw-small_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/25-Years-of-Chromatography-Writing-Evolutionary-Pu/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/429074?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 I started writing for LCGC in the summer of 1987. At the time, I was involved with an instrument company team specifying a new gas chromatograph. 2007-05-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/212007/429074/GCconnections_thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/212007/429074/GCconnections_main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/212007/429074null XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/How-Close-is-Close-Enough-Accuracy-and-Precision-P/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/409525?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 in this month's "GC Connectios," John Hinshaw continues a discussion of accuracy and precision begun in an earlier installment. 2007-03-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/102007/409525/GCconnections_thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/102007/409525/GCconnections_main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/102007/409525/John-Hinshaw-small_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Setting-Realistic-Expectations-for-GC-Optimization/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/409536?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Setting realistic expectations requires a good working knowledge of an instrument's capabilities in terms of the sample requirements as well as an understanding of the effects of real-world samples and their matrices on long-term instrument performance. 2007-03-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgceurope/102007/409536null XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/GC/Laboratory-Gas-Safety/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/396114?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 You have purchased a new gas chromatograph. Your company's safety office has completed a review of your lab's supplies. Before setting up your gas chromatograph, you read the instructions and familiarize yourself with the instrument. You might even give some thought to the exposure risks for the various substances in your samples. Yet, what about the less visible risks inherent in the gas delivery system that makes this a gas chromatograph? 2007-01-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/022007/396114/GCconnections_thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/022007/396114/GCconnections_main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/022007/396114/GCconnections_flash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Miscellaneous/Method-Selection-for-the-Determination-of-Suspecte/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/382209?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 When possible, GC analysis is performed under retention time locked conditions, meaning that allergen elucidation and quantification is based on mass spectral data (scan mode or specific ion detection mode) and on retention time. 2006-11-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgceurope/432006/382209null XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Setting-Realistic-Expectations-for-GC-Optimization/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/387496?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 November 2006. This month, John Hinshaw addresses questions of instrument capabilities and chromatographers' expectations. In subsequent issues, he will discuss adjustment of hardware settings, optimization of column parameters, and data-handling issues. This is the first article in the recently released "GC Connections Resource Guide." 2006-11-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/472006/387496/GCconnections_thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/472006/387496/GCconnections_main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/472006/387496/John-Hinshaw-small_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/GC+Connections+Column/Making-a-Great-Connection/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/378017?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Gas chromatographs contain a large number and variety of fittings, ferrules, tubing, and connections, all of which must be properly assembled, tightened, and leak-free if the system is to perform at its best. This month, John Hinshaw discusses how to make, maintain, and troubleshoot various types of connections used in gas chromatographs. 2006-09-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgcasia/412006/378017/GCconnections_thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgcasia/412006/378017/GCconnections_main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgcasia/412006/378017/GCconnections_flash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Making-Sept-06/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/378212?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 2006-09-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgcasia/412006/378212null PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/How-Close-is-Close-Enough-Accuracy-and-Precision/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/374335?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 September 2006. The accuracy and precision of results in gas chromatography and other analytical techniques are highly dependent upon the sample and its preparation, the instrumentation, accessories, and operating conditions, as well as on operator skill and experience. For these reasons, accuracy and precision for a specific methodology can be expected to vary from one laboratory or operator to another. This month, we look at statistical analysis as a diagnostic tool. 2006-09-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/382006/374335/GCconnections_thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/382006/374335/GCconnections_main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/382006/374335/John-Hinshaw-small_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Making-a-Great-Connection/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/358292?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 This month, John Hinshaw discusses how to make, maintain, and troubleshoot various types of connections used in gas chromatographs. 2006-07-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/282006/358292/10033109t_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/282006/358292/10033109m_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/282006/358292/10033109f_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Industry%3A+Industrial/Syringes-June-2006/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/338473?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 2006-05-31T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgcasia/252006/338473null PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/New-GC-Instruments-and-Accessories-at-the-57th-Pit/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/327351?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In his annual installment, John Hinshaw takes a look at the new gas chromatography instruments and accessories that were on display at Pittcon this year. 2006-05-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/202006/327351/GC--LC_thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/202006/327351/GCconnections_main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/202006/327351/GCconnections_flash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/The-Flame-Ionization-Detector/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/317230?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Overall FID sensitivity depends upon the combustion gas flow-rates, the carrier-gas flow-rate, the flame jet exit diameter, the relative positions of jet and collector and, to a lesser degree, the detector temperature. 2006-04-01T05:00:00Z XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/GC/Syringes-for-Gas-Chromatography/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/310595?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In this month's edition, John Hinshaw takes a look at how choosing a suitable syringe for a specific application can be difficult, especially if the inlet system has special requirements; choosing the wrong syringe ca cause significant problems. 2006-03-01T05:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/092006/310595/7770011t_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/092006/310595/7770011m_main.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/The-Thermal-Conductivity-Detector/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/283449?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Thermal conductivity detectors have been in use since before the beginning of gas chromatography. Essential for fixed-gas detection — no substitute has the same ease of use and stability — thermal conductivity detectors also are employed when the auxiliary or combustion gases required by flame ionization or other detectors are unsafe or impractical. Although they cannot match the sensitivity of ionization detectors, thermal conductivity detectors are the third most used detector, surpassed only by flame ionization and bench-top mass-spectrometry detectors. This month's installment of "GC Connections" takes a look at the operating principles and inner workings of the thermal conductivity detectors. 2006-01-01T05:00:00Z XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/GC/The-Flame-Ionization-Detector/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/254500?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Flame ionization detection (FID) is the most commonly used gas chromatography (GC) detection method. Flame ionization detectors respond to a wide assortment of hydrocarbons, have a large dynamic range, are... 2005-12-01T05:00:00Z XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/The-Making-of-a-Column/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/182905?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In this installment of "GC Connections," the author reviews some of the developments infused-silica solumn technology and then takes a brief tour through the process of column manufacturing. 2005-09-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/402005/182905/GCconnections_thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/402005/182905/GCconnections_main_main.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/GC/How-To-Buy-Gas-Calibration-Mixes/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/171161?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 There is a great deal of confusion floating about when it comes to selecting gas mixtures for analytical applications. Questions such as "How is the gas certified?," "What standard should I use?," and "What level of uncertainty is acceptable?" are common concerns heard among those tasked with specifying and using mixtures. In addition, the uncertainty regarding terminology, measurement, safety, and storage can make specifying mixtures a true source of headaches and hassles for any lab manager. The following article provides answers to questions about gas mixtures. 2005-07-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/302005/171161/GCconnections_thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/302005/171161/GCconnections_main_main.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/New-GC-Instrument-and-Accessory-Introductions/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/167309?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 The trend towards dedicated analytical solutions continues to gain momentum while what might have been considered high performance instrumentation a few years ago are increasingly being viewed as routine techniques. 2005-07-01T04:00:00Z XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/GC+Connections+Column/Whats-in-a-Method/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/197445?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In this month's installment of "GC Connections," John Hinshaw discusses the contents of a gas chromatography method. 2005-06-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgcasia/462005/197445/GCconnections_thumb_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgcasia/462005/197445/GCconnections_main_main.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgcasia/462005/197445/GCconnections_flash_flash.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/GC/New-GC-Instruments-and-Accessories-at-the-56th-Pit/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/159254?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 A review of the latest products and innovations in gas chromatography to come out of Pittcon 2005. 2005-05-01T04:00:00Z http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/192005/159254/occct_thumbnail.jpg http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/data/articlestandard/lcgc/192005/159254/occcm_main.jpg XML http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/What146s-in-a-Method143/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/159012?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 John Hinshaw asks what constitutes a chromatographic method and addresses some of the issues that method transfer raises for method documentation and validation. 2005-05-01T04:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Flow-Pressure-and-Temperature-Calibration-Part-2/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/149982?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In the concluding part of this series, the effects that column variability has on isothermal capillary gas chromatography is discussed and instrument calibration explored. The goal is to reduce the normal variability that occurs when working with multiple instruments and columns to ensure consistent results. 2005-03-01T05:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Flow-Pressure-and-Temperature-Calibration-Part-I/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/143658?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In this first of a two-part series, John Hinshaw discusses the relative effects that inlet pressures and oven temperatures have on capillary gas chromatography. 2005-01-01T05:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Featured+Chromatographer/Supplement-to-quotThe-Retention-Gap-Effectquot/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/121494?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In "The Retention Gap Effect", a number of gas chromatographic relationships were omitted for reasons of space and clarity. These equations and calculations appear in this supplement. 2004-09-09T04:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Article/A-Century-of-Separation-Science/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/115213?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 A report on the meeting that took place in April this year in York. 2004-09-01T04:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/New-GC-Instruments-and-Accessories-at-the-55th-Pit/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/98298?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Following on from the above Pittcon report, this month's "GC Connections" provides information on recently introduced gas chromatography instruments and accessories. 2004-06-01T04:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/GC+Connections+Column/Solid-Phase-Microextraction/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/262003?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Gas chromatography (GC) is a highly sensitive and selective separation technique all by itself. Capable of resolving hundreds of components in a short time with part-per-million (ppm, one part in... 2004-03-01T05:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Comprehensive-Two-Dimensional-Gas-Chromatography/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/84877?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 The latest newcomer to the collection of GC techniques, GCXGC, is examined in this instalment. Although this technique is capable of delivering more GC information in a shorter time than other methods, its technical complexity has slowed down widespread acceptance. John Hinshaw explains... 2004-02-01T05:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Gas-Buying-101-151-Eliminating-the-Hassles-Associa/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/82563?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 This month's "GC Connections" column provides advice on how to select the right gases and thus alleviate the problems associated with their use. It offers points to check with regard to gas grades, purities and impurities and how to ensure gas quality. 2004-01-01T05:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Solid-Phase-Microextraction/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/75775?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In this column, the importance of solid-phase microextraction as a separation technique is discussed. 2003-11-28T05:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/A-Century-of-Chromatography-151-Gas-Analysis-in-th/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/74307?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Revisiting the years following Mikhail Tswett's first lecture on liquid-liquid adsorptive separations, John Hinshaw reviews the developments that established modern gas chromatography. 2003-10-31T05:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/GC+Articles/Gas-Chromatography-at-the-26th-International-Sympo/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/73934?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Column editor, John Hinshaw files a report from the 26th ISCCE held in Las Vagas, Nevada, USA... 2003-10-01T04:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Preparing-the-Laboratory-for-a-Gas-Chromatograph/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/55594?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In this edition, John Hinshaw examines basic laboratory heating . . . 2003-05-01T04:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/A-Leaky-Situation/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/52468?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Column editor John Hinshaw describes how gas leaks in gas chromatography are the source of many problems. In particular, their effects on the chromatographic baseline are discussed. Guidelines on how to overcome such problems are presented. 2003-04-01T05:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/A-Compendium-of-GC-Terms-and-Techniques/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/47199?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 John Hinshaw supplies a glossary of GC-related terms and symbols currently in use according to commonly accepted nomenclature. The compendium is an updated version of one that the author compiled ten years ago and its aim is to eliminate the confusion that can sometimes arise from this type of lexicon. 2003-03-01T05:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Gas-Cylinder-Safety-Part-II-151-Set-up-and-Use/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/42177?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 The concluding part of this series examines procedures for the safe set-up, use and disposal of compressed gas cylinders in chromatography laboratories. 2003-01-01T05:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/GC+Articles/Gas-Cylinder-Safety-Part-I--Hazards-and-Precaution/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/39752?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In the first of a two-part series, the main hazards and safety issues surrounding the compressed gas cylinder are examined. 2002-12-01T05:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/An-Alarming-Situation/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/30188?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Hinshaw explains some of the benefits and pitfalls of computer-controlled pneumatic systems... 2002-09-01T04:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Non-linearity-in-a-Chromatographic-System/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/23768?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 In view of the fact that relationships between injected analyte quantities and measured peak areas cannot be expected to be linear, Hinshaw discusses strategies that help minimize these non-linearities in a gas chromatography system. 2002-07-01T04:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Data-Handling-for-Fast-Chromatography-151-Peak-Int/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/19201?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 This month's column examines the basics of peak integration for quantification in chromatography with an emphasis on fast separations. 2002-05-17T04:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Handling-Fast-Peaks/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/19106?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 The author examines the effects of system time constants and sampling rates on apparent peak shapes and areas. 2002-05-16T04:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Data-Handling-for-Fast-Chromatography-151-Qualitat/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/17302?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 This column continues the topic of fast peaks begun last month and examines qualitative data analysis after chromatograms are acquired. 2002-04-01T05:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/When-Good-Columns-Go-Bad/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/18161?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Hinshaw examines the causes and modes of premature column failure and suggests good practices that help ensure the longest possible column life... 2002-01-01T05:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Pneumatic-Problems/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/18140?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 The author examines how, by combining certain column dimensions and electronic pneumatic settings, unexpected behaviours may arise... 2001-11-01T05:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/GC-Ovens-151-A-Hot-Topic/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/18109?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 GC columns can be heated in a variety of ways. Hinshaw describes the common, and not so common, methods of achieving this and highlights the pros and cons of each... 2001-07-01T04:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Strategies-for-GC-Optimization-Setting-Realistic-E/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/7658?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Hinshaw addresses questions of instrument capabilities and chromatographers' expectations... 2001-03-01T05:00:00Z PDF http://www.chromatographyonline.com/lcgc/Column%3A+GC+Connections/Basic-GC-Measurements-and-Calculations/ArticleStandard/Article/detail/7468?contextCategoryId=35660&ref=25 Hinshaw reviews some basic GC measurements and calculations, based on a test chromatogram, that can help GC users to improve the overall quality of their resutls. 2001-02-01T05:00:00Z PDF