Comprehensive characterization of biotherapeutics requires advanced analytical strategies capable of detecting and identifying low-abundant product quality attributes (PQAs), including post-translational modifications, aggregates, sequence variants, and conjugation sites. This eBook presents three technical articles demonstrating advanced LC-MS workflows that achieve up to 10X improvement in MS sensitivity for trace-level detection and confident identification of these challenging attributes.
Nano-liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC-HRMS/MS) reveals saliva protein shifts before and after multiple sclerosis therapy.
Max Besenhard explains how hybrid mechanistic and machine learning models can make HPLC method development quicker, more robust and ready for autonomous digital twins.