
Advancing Miniaturized Column and Instrument Technologies for Capillary Liquid Chromatography
Recent developments in column technology and instrumentation for use in capillary-scale liquid chromatography are discussed. Key motivating factors for the increase in capillary liquid chromatography (LC) usage include a desire for more sustainable analytical methods (including reductions in solvent usage and waste generation) and the need for compact, field-portable systems that can be used in point-of-need settings. To achieve these goals, miniaturization strategies for both column and instrument designs have been required. The impact of these innovations in a variety of application areas—including environmental analysis, forensic testing, and pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical manufacturing—is described. As the need for greener analytical methods continues to grow, the implementation of low-flow capillary-scale separations will also increase.



















