Using reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, researchers identified 256 metabolites in gingival crevicular fluid, revealing elevated purine degradation and ceramide metabolites alongside diminished oxy fatty acids in periodontitis patients, advancing precision diagnostics through untargeted metabolomic profiling of this chronic inflammatory disease.
Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) was used in a research study to conduct comprehensive suspect screening across water, sediment, fish, wastewater, and sewage sludge samples from the Iberian Peninsula’s Tagus River basin, identifying 153 pharmaceutically active compounds, including cardiovascular, psychotropic, and pain management drugs between 2020 and 2022.
A study by Sungshin Women's University and Catholic University of Korea analyzed pre-prepared soup products using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify and quantify volatile compounds in commercial meat-based broths by comparing their chemical profiles, providing insights for developing authentic Korean-style home meal replacement products with optimized sensory characteristics.
A chromatography method developed to detect the antibiotic gentamicin in tiny ear fluid samples helps doctors precisely measure drug levels during inner ear treatments, ensuring patients receive safe, effective doses while fighting bacterial infections. This breakthrough is important because it allows precise measurement of life-saving antibiotics in microscopic biological samples, enabling safer treatments for serious ear infections.
To optimize sulforaphane (SFN) hydrolysis from broccoli seed hydrolysate (BSH), researchers employed liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This chromatographic standardization enabled production of SFN-rich extracts for evaluating anti-obesity efficacy in high-fat diet-fed mice through multiple analytical techniques.
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used by researchers to analyze carotenoid degradation during bread production, finding that xanthophyll esterification significantly improves stability. The study examined wheat genotypes and processing conditions, identifying baking as the critical degradation step and recommending technological innovations combined with genetic improvements to enhance carotenoid retention in wheat-based products.
To enable robust investigation of microbiota–host metabolic interactions, a targeted gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) method was developed and validated by a research group at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (Heidelberg, Germany) for the simultaneous quantification of 120 chemically diverse gut microbiota–derived metabolites across multiple biological matrices. LCGC International recently spoke to Nikita Denisov and Michael Zimmermann, two of the authors of a paper resulting from this work.
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) quantified dexamethasone release from coated cochlear implant carriers, showing sustained intracochlear delivery, basal–apical distribution, and improved pharmacokinetics versus fully loaded silicone rods after implantation.
A recent review article evaluates chromatographic and complementary analytical strategies for quantifying cardiovascular micro- and nanoplastics in complex human matrices. The authors contrasts particle-resolved vibrational methods with mass-based chromatographic approaches, highlighting strengths, limitations, and clinical relevance for deriving reliable polymer-specific exposure metrics linked to cardiovascular pathology and outcomes in translational cardiology research settings.
Researchers compared oral microbiota, salivary cytokines, and short-chain fatty acids in persistent Covid disease using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Age- and sex-matched analyses showed no significant SCFA differences after correction, though valeric acid trended higher. Cognitive impairment and fatigue were greater in patients, highlighting chromatography’s role in probing subtle metabolic signals variations overall.
Total knee arthroplasty alters endogenous pain-regulating pathways, including the endocannabinoid system. Using validated liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS), perioperative cerebrospinal fluid and plasma endocannabinoids were quantified in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Distinct endocannabinoid profiles were associated with acetaminophen exposure, surgery, and postoperative pain outcomes.
Using untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) metabolomics, researchers compared black and white mantle regions of the Pacific oyster, identifying 527 differential metabolites.
Untargeted liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics was used to characterize plasma metabolic responses to carbohydrate restriction and low energy availability in elite endurance athletes. LC–MS profiling detected distinct lipid-centered perturbations under low-carbohydrate, high-fat diets not observed during short-term energy restriction, particularly following prolonged exercise, highlighting diet-specific metabolic signatures.
A University of Bologna study describes a validated LC–MS/MS method for quantifying 13 PFAS in porcine liver and muscle. Chromatographic analysis revealed pronounced hepatic accumulation, with PFOS and PFOA consistently detected in liver but largely absent from muscle, supporting liver-focused, risk-based biomonitoring strategies in pork production.
A recent study evaluated the anticancer potential of Israeli black scorpion venom (SFV) against colorectal cancer (CRC) using integrated biochemical, computational, and biological approaches. SFV components were characterized by gel electrophoresis, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and ultraviolet–visible (UV-vis) spectrometry, followed by in silico docking against CRC- and apoptosis-related targets.
Applying UHPLC–quadrupole-orbital trap MS–based untargeted metabolomics to evaluate psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria as kimchi starters revealed strain-specific suppression of pathogen metabolic pathways, linking enhanced low-temperature antimicrobial performance to distinct metabolic inhibition mechanisms relevant for improving microbial safety in fermented foods.
A joint study between William & Mary (Williamsburg, Virginia) and James Madison University (Harrisonburg, Virginia) analyzed volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from commercially produced and locally sourced kombucha products using gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry and flame ionization detection (GC-TOF-MS/FID) and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with TOF-MS and FID (GC×GC-TOF-MS/FID). LCGC International spoke with Sarah Foster, lead author of the paper resulting from this study, about the team’s findings and the key takeaways from this study.
University of Erlangen–Nuremberg researchers applied a bottom-up proteomics workflow centered on microflow liquid chromatography (microLC) coupled to ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS) to authenticate walnut products and detect adulteration with cashew, hazelnut, and peanut.
Researchers compared leaf and in vitro callus extracts of Eucalyptus camaldulensis using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) to assess phytochemical composition and bioactivity. Callus extracts contained a greater diversity and higher abundance of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids and key volatiles such as 1,8-cineole, α-terpineol, and sabinene. Bioassays showed superior anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity in callus-derived oils, surpassing standard drugs, highlighting tissue culture as a powerful tool for enhancing natural therapeutic compounds.
Malaria causes nearly one million deaths annually, prompting the search for new vector-control strategies. Inspired by chimpanzee behavior in Uganda’s Kibale National Park, researchers analyzed essential oils from four local tree species—three used for chimpanzee nesting—using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). A mixture of key compounds showed toxic and irritant effects on malaria-carrying mosquitoes, suggesting chimpanzee-inspired, plant-based repellents as a sustainable approach to the prevention of the disease.
Headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME) GC–MS was used by researchers to analyze concrete samples from a Michigan City basement after a 2022 confession to a 2017 murder in which the body was never recovered. The analysis detected multiple volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with human decomposition, indicating a body had decomposed in the room for an extended period. This study marked the first successful legal use of VOC evidence from concrete in Indiana and helped support the suspect’s conviction.
A recent review article highlights evolving MS-based methodologies that are reshaping ligand discovery and mechanistic characterization for membrane protein drug targets. LCGC International spoke to Andrew Reiter and Dina Schuster, two of the authors of the article, about these methodologies.
A chromatographic approach based on isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) was used to objectively quantify serum cotinine as a biomarker of environmental tobacco smoke exposure in non-smoking women. The findings highlight the value of HPLC–MS/MS chromatography for sensitive biomarker quantification in epidemiological studies and support the role of second-hand smoke as a modifiable risk factor for pelvic inflammatory disease.
A spatially resolved proteomics workflow was established by combining nanosecond mid-infrared laser layer-by-layer ablation of human corneal tissue with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The approach provided insights into metabolic activity, immune function, and wound-healing processes within individual corneal layers, demonstrating the power of LC–MS/MS-based chromatography for elucidating corneal biology, disease mechanisms, and potential pharmacological targets.
A validated chromatographic method was developed for monitoring organochlorine pesticide residues in sesame seeds using QuEChERS sample preparation coupled with gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS). The results demonstrate that QuEChERS combined with GC–MS/MS in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode provides a robust, efficient, and reliable chromatographic solution for routine food safety monitoring and regulatory compliance in sesame seed analysis.
A comprehensive analytical strategy combining inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with untargeted liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was applied to evaluate the chemical composition of commercially available tattoo inks in Australia. The results demonstrate the critical role of LC–MS/MS-based chromatography in uncovering previously uncharacterized toxicants in tattoo inks and underscore the need for harmonized regulatory frameworks and routine chromatographic surveillance to ensure consumer safety.
Rapid native hydrophobic interaction chromatography–mass spectrometry methods have been developed using ammonium tartrate, enabling robust drug-to-antibody ratio and drug load distribution characterization, as well as real-time process analytical technology monitoring of antibody–drug conjugates bioconjugation without complex multidimensional workflows. LCGC International spoke to Bingchaun Wei of the research team about these methods.
Researchers used Design of Experiments approach to optimize gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC–FID) for essential oil analysis. The harmonized GC method enables robust, reproducible separation of 87 terpenes using a single column and sample preparation protocol, improving efficiency, standardization, and sustainability for essential oil quality control.
Researchers evaluated the antibacterial activity of shiitake mushroom extracts prepared with different solvents and characterized their bioactive constituents using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Ethyl acetate extracts showed the strongest antibacterial effects against multiple pathogens, while chromatographic analysis identified ergosterol and linoleic acid as key antimicrobial contributors.
In a valproic acid–induced autism rat model, voluntary exercise improved social and cognitive behaviors by reshaping gut microbiota and metabolic signaling. Gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS)–based chromatographic analyses revealed exercise-driven changes in short-chain fatty acids and neurotransmitters, with fecal microbiota transplantation reproducing these behavioral and metabolic benefits.
