The United Kingdom banned menthol as a characteristic flavor in cigarettes in May 2020. Researchers tested cigarettes sold in 2021–2022 for menthol and other characterizing flavors through sensory and chemical testing, using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) in their research.
Researchers leveraged the advantages of thermodesorption, followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC/TOF-MS), to compare and assess a variety of sampling phases for body odor.
Duodenal mucosal resurfacing (DMR), a new-style endoscopic procedure using hydrothermal energy to ablate this thickened layer, shows promise for enhancing glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes patients. However, the mechanisms driving these improvements remain largely unexplored. Researchers investigated the mechanisms by which DMR improves metabolic disorders using a rat model. Gut microbiota and metabolomics profiles were analyzed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing and ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS).
A recent study conducted at the University of Georgia, (Athens, Georgia) presented a validated method for quantifying 18 terpenes in Cannabis sativa essential oil, extracted via hydrodistillation. The method, utilizing gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) with selected ion monitoring (SIM), includes using internal standards (n-tridecane and octadecane) for accurate analysis, with key validation parameters—such as specificity, accuracy, precision, and detection limits—thoroughly assessed. LCGC International spoke to Noelle Joy of the University of Georgia, corresponding author of this paper discussing the method, about its creation and benefits it offers the analytical community.
Researchers used liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) in their proteomic analysis to compare the serum proteome of migraine patients with healthy controls and to identify differentially expressed proteins as potential migraine biomarkers.
Researchers investigating the relationship between cannabis use during pregnancy and depressive symptoms—and whether continued use beyond the first trimester or higher levels of use were linked to increased symptoms—used liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to confirm the presence of 11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) in urine samples.
A combination of liquid chromatography ion mobility spectrometry, and high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC–IMS-HRMS) for non-targeted analysis (NTA) was used to detect and identify per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in alligator plasma.
A joint study conducted by the University of Ferrara (Italy) and the Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (Rome, Italy) focused on the analysis of terpenes and terpenoids—key bioactive compounds responsible for the distinctive flavor and potential therapeutic effects of cannabis. For this study, the research team used comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC×GC-MS) coupled with dynamic headspace extraction (DHS) to profile these compounds in cannabis inflorescences. LCGC International spoke to Flavio A. Franchina of the University of Ferrara, corresponding author of the paper which resulted from this study, about their research.
Researchers evaluated the associations between serum lipidomic profile and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (SCA) in type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes, as well as in non-diabetic controls. Lipidomic analysis was conducted using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) to identify specific lipid species linked to the presence and severity of SCA across the three groups.
Research conducted by the Universitas Padjadjaran (Sumedang, Indonesia) focused on the measurement of vitamin K1 in various vegetables (specifically lettuce, cabbage, napa cabbage, and spinach) that were ingested by patients using warfarin. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with an ultraviolet detector set at 245 nm was used as the analytical technique.
Researchers conducted a study on medications used in psychiatry and neurology during the perinatal period, assessing how antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) affect placental functions, including transport mechanisms, nutrient transport, and trophoblast differentiation. Several quantitative methods, such as those for antianxiety and hypnotic drugs, were established to evaluate the safety of pharmacotherapy during breastfeeding using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS).
Researchers from the Department of Chemistry at Western Illinois University (Macomb, Illinois) conducted a study to optimize the separation of 18 cannabinoids for potency testing of hemp-based products, using liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (LC–DAD). As part of our monthlong series of articles pertaining to National Cannabis Awareness Month, LCGC International spoke to Liguo Song, the corresponding author of the paper stemming from this research, to discuss the study and its findings.
Researchers attempted to ascertain the relationship between vitamin D levels in athletes and the structural and functional values of their hearts assessed through electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters. Vitamin D levels were measured using high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS).
Frankincense essential oil is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and therapeutic properties. A recent study investigated the protective effects of the oil in an excision wound model in rats, focusing on oxidative stress reduction, inflammatory cytokine modulation, and caspase-3 regulation; chemical composition of the oil was analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS).
A study in Food Science & Nutrition evaluated the antioxidant and preservative effects of Epilobium angustifolium extract on beef burgers, finding that the extract influenced physicochemical properties, color stability, and lipid oxidation, with higher concentrations showing a prooxidant effect.
Cinnamon and its byproducts have been used for many years because of their antidiabetic effect. In a joint study conducted by Gazi University (Ankara, Turkey) and Düzce University (Düzce, Turkey), high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analyses, macroscopic analyses, and enzyme inhibition assays on diabetes-related enzymes were performed on cinnamon samples to determine whether they are safe to use for health purposes.
As the organic tea industry grows, verifying its authenticity is essential for maintaining market stability. A recent study proposed a model for distinguishing organic tea from conventional varieties, with components (water extract, polyphenols, mineral element) of each type compared through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis.
A study conducted at Henan University of Science and Technology (Luoyang, China).aimed to characterize the pharmacokinetic profiles of milbemycin oxime in Pekingese dogs following a single oral (PO) and intravenous (IV) dose. Blood samples were collected at various time points, with milbemycin oxime concentrations measured using a validated high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with ultraviolet (UV) detection.
Research on plastics in aquatic environments is well-established, but little is known about their presence, pathways, and effects in soil ecosystems. The iMulch project aims to address this need as well as the growing concern of plastic pollution in soils. Focusing on developing and validating methods to detect micro- and macroplastics in soils and drainage waters, with an emphasis on how drainage water impacts municipal wastewater treatment, a key aspect of the study is analyzing plastic emissions from agricultural mulch films. We spoke to Carmen Wolf of the Institute for Environment and Energy, Technology and Analytics e.V. (IUTA) in Duisburg, Germany, corresponding author of a recent paper on the project, about the investigations involved and how separation science was used in their experimentation.
A pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) methodology has been specifically developed for the identification and quantification of seven polymers commonly found in tap water. The researchers responsible for the approach state that it prioritizes both time and cost efficiency without compromising the thoroughness of marker spectrum detection and confirmation.
As the poultry sector in Côte d`Ivoire (The Ivory Coast) expands and huge quantities of waste are generated, researchers analyzed the risks associated with the discharge of poultry slaughterhouse waste in public landfill sites in Abidjan, the county’s largest city. Chemical and microbiological analysis of 30 poultry slaughter waste samples from 10 Abidjan communities was performed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and detection of pathogenic bacteria on specific media, respectively.
The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) flunixin meglumine has been approved by the FDA for fever associated with bovine respiratory disease or mastitis and for control of pain from foot rot in cattle. A study determining the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of flunixin transdermal formulation in American bullfrogs used ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) to determine plasma flunixin concentrations.
Researchers explored whether peels from different commercial and local apple samples could serve as a source of phenolic bioactive compounds potentially linked to the prevention of type 2 diabetes. The quantification of 37 individual phenolic compounds was performed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS).
A recent study evaluated the suitability of pyrolysis–gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC–MS) for detecting and quantifying micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) in human blood. LCGC International spoke to Cassandra Rauert of the Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences at The University of Queensland (Woolloongabba, Australia), corresponding author for the paper resulting from this study, about her team’s work.
Researchers investigated the potential association between plasma apolipoprotein M (APOM) levels and the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Plasma sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) levels were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
A review article by researchers at the School of Chemistry at Tel Aviv University describes cold electron ionization (EI), discusses its benefits, and demonstrates several unique applications for its use, including cannabinoids analysis, synthetic organic compounds analysis, whole blood analysis for medical diagnostics, isomer distribution analysis for improved fuels and oils, and explosives analysis.
While comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC×GC-MS) is a powerful analytical technique, the complexity and volume of data generated pose significant challenges for data processing and interpretation, limiting a broader adoption. To overcome this, a recent paper in Briefings in Bioinformatics presented GcDUO, an open-source software designed specifically for the processing and analysis of this data.
A joint study conducted by the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (Modena, Italy) and the University of Genoa (Genoa, Italy) aimed to optimize a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method using a zwitterionic phosphorylcholine hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) column for detecting persistent and mobile organic contaminants (PMOCs) in wastewater. LCGC International spoke to researchers Caterina Durante (corresponding author of the piece) and Samuele Pellacani about their method and the results yielded.
Comprehensive information was derived through the utilization of a QuEChERS-UHPLC–MS/MS and GC–MS/MS method for the detection of 211 volatile and stable pesticide residues in 90 date fruit samples.
Researchers from Stanford University’s School of Medicine and Stanford Health Care report the development of a liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS) method for identifying hemoglobin (Hb) variants. The method can effectively separate several pairs of normal and variant Hb subunits with mass shifts of less than 1 Da and accurately identify them in intact-protein and top-down analyses.
