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To characterize the per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) content and migration potential of winter gloves and conduct a screening-level risk assessment of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) glove exposures in children aged 2-6 (considering both hand-to-mouth transfer and dermal absorption), experimental data were generated through total fluorine analysis, liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS), and leachate testing of individual glove components across eight glove brands.

Research conducted by the Department of Food Science and Technology of Oregon State University and the Legacy Research Institute of Dow Neurobiology addressed this gap by developing a standardized aroma lexicon and associated sensory methodology, supported by GC-MS analysis of terpenes and terpenoids plus GC-PFPD analysis of volatile sulfur compounds. LCGC International spoke to Thomas H. Shellhammer of Oregon State University about this work.

As a long-standing member of the chromatography community, I am continually awestruck by the rate of change we consistently experience. Through the collective efforts of an entire community, we realize a fast-paced evolution that serves the world. In this article, we will aim to make the rapidly expanding and dynamic field of biopharmaceuticals approachable by taking a high-level look into its most recent success: peptide-based therapeutics.

Aiming to determine the presence of heroin, fentanyl, amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS), xylazine, and other substances in Tijuana and Mexicali, Baja California, researchers randomly selected 300 drug residues from confiscated syringe plungers. After analyzing them with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and BTNX test strips for ATS and fentanyl and its analogs, the test strips showed a high positive predictive value of 81% when compared with GC–MS.

Emerging blood microsampling technologies offer a promising alternative by enabling minimally invasive, user-friendly collection, facilitating repeated sampling and broader population recruitment. A recent study conducted at Stockholm University critically reviewed commercially available microsamplers, their use in multiomics research, and experimentally evaluated their chemical backgrounds. LCGC International spoke to Solveig Thiele, lead author of the resulting paper, about this work.

Egyptian scorpions of the Androctonus genus produce neurotoxic venom that result in life-threatening stings. However, the composition and enzymatic activities of their venoms remain poorly understood. Researchers used electrophoresis to analyze the protein components of venom collected from three Androctonus species, with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS).

As a response to the growing interest in identifying novel, non-invasive biomarkers reflecting endogenous inflammatory processes in asthma, researchers evaluated the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath from patients with clinically controlled asthma to assess how tobacco exposure influences their expression. Breath samples were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Researchers optimized two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) using a Design of Experiments-guided optimization approach to overcome breakthrough effects, enabling high-resolution oligonucleotide impurity profiling beyond conventional 1D-LC. LCGC International spoke to Megane Aebischer of the Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, lead author of the paper that resulted from this work.

An illustration for the International Day of Women and Girls in Science | Image Credit: © Rama - stock.adobe.com.

In the final part of this roundtable discussion focused on the experiences, challenges, and contributions of women in chromatography, LCGC International spoke to Susanne Boye, Daniela Held, and Claudia Zielke about the future of chromatography and what excites them most about the field.

With the increasing interest in green chemistry and sustainability, analytical chemists are developing new methods and reexamining existing methods with a new emphasis on sustainability and environmental impact. Since the publication of the principles of green chemistry in the 1990s and the principles of green analytical chemistry in the 2000s, several scoring systems for evaluating the greenness or sustainability of analytical methods have been developed. In this column, we will examine three widely used scoring methods: Red, green blue (RGB), the analytical greenness metric (AGREE), and the analytical method greenness score (AMGS) with comments on how they all apply to gas chromatography (GC). We will see that classical GC, which has roots in the origins of the environmental movement, has been and remains among the greenest of analytical techniques.