Application Notes: General

As analytical methods like high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) evolve, it becomes increasingly complex for labs to balance performance, price, and support. This infographic, based on independent LCGC International surveys commissioned by Agilent Technologies, reveals evolving end-user preferences, top performance drivers, and brand rankings in reliability and cost-efficiency.

Learn how MRR simplifies chiral analysis of raw materials like alaninol—no columns, no standards, and no derivatization required.

An LC-MS/MS method was developed to quantify C1–C4 PFAS in water, using direct injection to improve accuracy and reduce contamination in testing.

An LC–MS/MS method for detecting and quantifying EpODEs and DiHODEs in rat plasma using oxylipin standards from α-linolenic acid (ALA) and γ-linolenic acid (GLA).

Achieve >99% spectral accuracy and sub-mDa precision on standard LC/MS systems. Learn how MassWorks™ enables confident formula ID—no high-resolution MS required.

In this study, an accurate, reliable analytical LC-MS/MS method for PFAS in water was developed to specifically quantify C1 to C4 PFAS in both potable and non-potable sources. A direct injection workflow was implemented to simplify the testing process and to avoid potential contamination originating from poor sample preparation procedures.

Dairy milk is one commodity that can be impacted by environmental contaminants, such as PFAS, so it is important to implement extensive, robust, and accurate testing. In this work, a sensitive and reliable method was developed for the analysis of PFAS in milk by LC-MS/MS at levels as low as 0.01 µg/kg.

The following PFAS method collection, organized by region, provides an overview of the scope of current PFAS testing methods and guidelines as well as the recommended products used for each.

Check out this short video that explains the importance of delay columns in managing background PFAS contamination.

Develop PFAS methods in seconds with Restek’s unique Pro EZLC Chromatogram Modeler. This powerful modeling tool is completely free and has a library of dozens of PFAS compounds that you can use to develop methods, reduce run times, and optimize run conditions.

Aroma analysis is of paramount importance in the plant-based meat replacement industry. The ability to replicate flavors and mimic real meat is vital in appealing to consumers. To capture the full aroma profiles of cooked meat, analysts need dynamic purge techniques, such as dynamic headspace (DHS) sampling. The considerable water content in meat and other food brings risk of moisture build-up in the sorbent tube, potentially disrupting the TD-GC-MS analysis. An automated DHS option with dry purge feature, can effectively address this issue, as illustrated here using cooked ground beef and plant-based meat as examples. A workflow for optimizing DHS settings relevant to this study is presented. The aroma profiles of cooked ground beef and plant-based meat are analyzed and compared.

This work presents an Automated Sample Preparation procedure for MOSH/MOAH analysis of Seasoning Oils. We compare results from a manual epoxidation procedure compliant with DIN 16995 with results based on fully automated sample preparation (epoxidation and saponification) compliant with ISO 20122. In both cases, online clean-up via activated aluminum oxide (AlOx) are used to remove interfering n-alkanes from the MOSH fraction during the HPLC run. Automated data evaluation using a dedicated software (GERSTEL ChroMOH) is presented.

A methodology is presented for the determination of flavor compounds in dietary supplements using Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction (SBSE). Quantitation is accomplished by automating the spiking of Tenax-TA® filled sorbent tubes. A retention time index (RTI) standard is also introduced. The GERSTEL Internal Standard/Dry Purge Plus (ISDP+) module automates spiking of standards, internal standards, or a retention index mix and is used to dry purge sorbent tubes to remove excess water or solvent, that may adversely affect the trapping and transfer of analytes to the GC column.

In this work, a robotic sampler is used to automate the complete extraction, introduction, and LC-MS/MS analysis workflow for determination of neonicotinoid compounds in honey samples.

Forward-thinking labs can make smarter, more cost-effective decisions when investing in quality analytical liquid chromatography (LC) systems. This eBook, based on the findings from biannual surveys conducted by LCGC International in partnership with Agilent Technologies, uncovers the hidden costs behind instruments and shows how reliability, expert customer support, and long-term value can drive operational excellence. Ultimately, cutting-edge innovations, including ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC), are redefining performance, speed, and scientific potential in the modern LC lab.

With increasing concern over genotoxic nitrosamine contaminants, regulatory bodies like the FDA and EMA have introduced strict guidelines following several high-profile drug recalls. This poster showcases a case study where LGC and Waters developed a UPLC/MS/MS method for quantifying trace levels of N-nitroso-sertraline in sertraline using Waters mass spectrometry and LGC reference standards.

We’ve expanded our capabilities with a state-of-the-art, 200,000 sq ft TRC facility in Toronto, completed in 2024 and staffed by over 100 PhD- and MSc-level scientists. This investment enables the development of more innovative compounds, a broader catalogue and custom offering, and streamlined operations for faster delivery. • Our extensive range of over 100,000 high-quality research chemicals—including APIs, metabolites, and impurities in both native and stable isotope-labelled forms—provides essential tools for uncovering molecular disease mechanisms and exploring new opportunities for therapeutic intervention.

Impurity reference standards (IRSs) are essential for accurately identifying and quantifying impurities in pharmaceutical development and manufacturing. Yet, with limited regulatory guidance on how much characterisation is truly required for different applications, selecting the right standard can be challenging. To help, LGC has developed a new interactive multimedia guide, packed with expert insights to support your decision-making and give you greater confidence when choosing the right IRS for your specific needs.

Learn how to manage nitrosamine impurities in pharmaceuticals with our free infographic. Discover how the CPCA approach establishes acceptable intake limits and guides the selection of NDSRI reference samples. Stay compliant and ensure safety with our ISO-accredited standards.

Polysome profiling is a method for analysing the translational status of cells. This AppNote describes a simple FPLC system for polysome fractionation.

Pfizer streamlined their LC/UV/MS data processing by adopting a semi-automated workflow with MS Workbook Suite, enabling faster, more consistent analysis and cutting process

Organic solvent, pH, salt concentration, and gradient mixing rates influence HIC separations. Optimizing these factors allows for effective separation of mAbs and ADCs.

Analytical scientists are faced with the task of finding the right column from an almost unmanageable range of products. This paper focuses on columns that enable protein analysis under native conditions through size exclusion, hydrophobic interaction, and ion exchange chromatography. It will highlight the different column characteristics—pore size, particle size, base matrices, column dimensions, ligands—and which questions will help decide which columns to use.

Not all chromatography resins are created equal. Off-the-shelf chromatography resins might not always meet the rigorous purification requirements of biopharmaceutical manufacturing. Custom bonded silica from Grace can address a wide range of separation challenges, leading to real performance improvements. Discover more about the latest innovations in chromatography silica from Grace, including VYDAC® and DAVISIL®.