Application Notes: General

Polymicro Technologies, a subsidiary of Molex Inc.

PHOTONIS USA, Inc.

Polyimide coated fused silica capillary tubing is widely used in the separation sciences. In this application note, we share perspectives on modifying the internal surface of capillary tubing.

H2 is commonly used as GC carrier gas as the cost of He is increasing and its availability is decreasing. In addition to the cost/availability issues, H2 can provide more rapid separations at lower temperatures than He and provides longer column life. H2 gas is obtained by the electrolysis of water and many laboratories supply it to the GC via an in-house H2 generator.

Imtakt USA

PHOTONIS USA

The Hamilton PRP-C18 is a new column designed to provide high-efficiency reversed phase separations over an extended column life in nearly any mobile phase or pH. The rigid stationary phase has excellent mechanical and thermal stability (> 100 ?C), does not experience shrinkage or swelling and is completely inert to most conditions commonly encountered in reversed phase chromatography. In this study the pH stability of the PRP-C18 is evaluated. Even after prolonged exposure to concentrated (1 molar) NaOH and H2SO4 there was no measurable deterioration in performance.

Hamilton Company

Proton OnSite

Polyimide coated fused silica capillary tubing is widely used in the separation sciences. In some instances a condition called brittleback can appear in the tubing. Its causes and remedies are discussed.

The FDA has made changes to how products containing sunscreen are labeled in the U.S. to ensure they meet the new regulations set forth for safety and effectiveness. The new regulations will require companies that want to use the "broad spectrum" label to test for both UVA and UVB protection.

Ascentis Express 5 micron columns provide a new choice for improving the performance of traditional HPLC systems. Based on Fused-Core particle technology, Ascentis Express provides the benefits of high speed and high efficiencies without the concerns of smaller particle columns. Due to the high efficiencies at low backpressures, Ascentis Express 5 micron can benefit conventional HPLC users with no drawbacks.

The efficiency of ion transfer between the quadrupole mass analyzers and the Q2 collision cell in a triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS) is critical for instrument robustness and sensitivity. Q2 is a radio frequency (RF) only non-mass filtering quadrupole containing only an inert collision gas such as Ar, He, or N2 to provide collision induced dissociation of the precursor ion selected in Q1.

When working with complex matrices such as personal care products, sample preparation is perhaps the most difficult step of the analysis process. By utilizing a targeted sample preparation technique, such as ion-exchange SPE, analysis can be significantly improved as compared to less targeted techniques such as liquid-liquid extraction.

Resistive glass tubes and plates are designed to guide ions by generating a uniform electric field. Photonis resistive glass products are composed of a proprietary lead silicate glass that has been specially processed to create a resistive layer at the surface. The resistivity can be varied over several orders of magnitude to suit the specific application.

GCxGC-TOFMS provided a comprehensive analysis of tobacco smoke. Individual smoke constituents across several target compound classes were extracted, chromatographically resolved, then identified and quantified with mass spectral detection.

UHPLC columns can significantly improve chromatographic separations, but they also present unique challenges. Once the UHPLC system components are optimized, perhaps your greatest concern is protecting the column from the damaging effects of microparticulates and sample contaminants.

Synthetic fused silica capillary tubing is used in the manufacture of most gas chromatography (GC) columns. In this note, we discuss recent advances in the dimensional control of the most popular tubing sizes.

Silymarin, derived from the milk thistle plant, has been used as a natural remedy for the treatment of a number of liver diseases as well as in the protection of the liver from potential toxins. More recently, silymarin has been connected to antitumor promoting activity (1). It is therefore of interest to have available analytical methods for the analysis of silymarin components in various matrices.

Vitamin K is a group of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamins that are needed for the post-translational modification of certain proteins, mostly required for blood coagulation but also involved in metabolic pathways in bone and other tissue.

According to law enforcement and health officials, "bath salts" are powerful synthetic stimulants, designed to be comparable in effect to cocaine or methamphetamine, carrying similar risks. Unlike cocaine or methamphetamine, these stimulants are currently legal in many parts of the United States and available at a low cost in many convenience stores and head shops.

Coenzyme Q10, found naturally in the body, is involved in the production of body energy. Thus, heart, lung, and liver have the highest concentration of Q10.

On June 14, 2011, the FDA issued stricter regulations on how sunscreen manufacturers can label over-the-counter sunscreen products. In the summer of 2012, manufacturers with an annual sale of $25,000 or more will have to characterize the active ingredients found in their sunscreens (1).

A simple and efficient supported liquid extraction (SLE) procedure for the extraction of THC and metabolites from human plasma at low levels has been developed.

Recognition of DNAs and RNAs wide range of biological actions has driven modern biopharmaceutical research into the therapeutic value of oligonucleotides.

Flexible synthetic fused silica capillary is routinely supplied to the market in long continuous lengths on low cost Styrofoam or plastic spools.

Many modern stationary phases suffer from poor chromatographic performance for basic compounds at low pH, especially when using low-ionic strength mobile phases such as formic acid.

Nicotine is a famously addictive alkaloid found in tobacco. Controlled doses of nicotine compounds are sometimes used to help tobacco users quit smoking.